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Body-Worn Camera’s in Law Enforcement Agencies, 2016

Data Privacy and The Bureau of Justice Statistics

Bryan Schafroth

2/13/2019

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Contents

  • Introduction

  • Description

  • Ethical Issues

  • Privacy Issues

  • Status

  • Summary

  • References

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Introduction

Body-Worn Camera's (BWC) by Local & State Law Enforcement Agencies

  • Law Enforcement Agency Deployment

  • Agency Policies

  • Accessing & Storage of Data

  • Agencies Without Body-Worn Cameras

Law Enforcement Management & Administration Statistics (LEMAS)

  • June 30, 2016 Survey Questionnaire

Body-Worn Cameras in Law Enforcement

  • Relatively new concept and adoption by agencies

  • No uniform standard policy

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Description

Nearly half of all enforcement agencies in the U.S. have BWCs

Enforcement Agencies For:

  • Improve Officer Safety

  • Increase Evidence Quality

  • Reduce Civilian Complaints

  • Reduce Agency Liability

  • Improve Accountability

  • Simplify Incident Review

  • Reduce Use of Force

Enforcement Agencies Against

  • Costs - Insufficient Funding

  • Technology Challenges - Data Storage, Hardware

  • Privacy Concerns

  • Liability

  • Security of Camera Footage

  • Burden of Requests for Footage by Public/Media

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Description

86% have a policy in place for the use of BWCs

Does not cover all aspects 100%

  • Specific Events to Record: 26%-90% described in the policies

    • Traffic Stops

    • Citizen Contact

    • Arrest Seach Warrants

    • Firesarms Deployment

    • Routine Service Calls

    • Criminal Investigations

    • Policing Public Events

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Description

  • Video Transfer, Storage, Disposal

    • Approx. 87% have systems in place
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Description

  • Video Transfer, Storage, Disposal

    • Approx. 87% have systems in place

  • Disclose to Citizens Being Recorded

    • Under 50% have this policy included
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Description

  • Video Transfer, Storage, Disposal

    • Approx. 87% have systems in place

  • Disclose to Citizens Being Recorded

    • Under 50% have this policy included

  • Direct Access: 8%-88% described in policies

    • Cheif Executive
    • Supervisor
    • Officer
    • Public
    • District Attorney
    • IT Deparment Heads and Staff
    • Other Sworn Officers -Other Non-Sworn Officers
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Description

  • Video Transfer, Storage, Disposal

    • Approx. 87% have systems in place

  • Disclose to Citizens Being Recorded

    • Under 50% have this policy included

  • Direct Access: 8%-88% described in policies

    • Cheif Executive
    • Supervisor
    • Officer
    • Public
    • District Attorney
    • IT Deparment Heads and Staff
    • Other Sworn Officers -Other Non-Sworn Officers

  • Contact That Must Be Reduced

    • Under 50% have this policy included
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Privacy Issues

  • Video is available to the public per request for information

  • Personal affairs & property can be recorded without a warrant

  • Entering a home with other innocent bystanders or children

  • Different staff have access to the video footage without formalities

  • Officers will lose privacy as employees of the agency

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Status

  • The research is in active status – the next survey is not given

  • 2016 was the last study performed by the department

  • There were 10 surveys since 1987 with 1 to 6 years between them

  • Technology has continued to change and adoption should increase

  • AI and machine learning is also on the rise in everything, which will open up more privacy and ethical issues

  • Privacy policies will need to catch up to the technology

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Summary

  • Lacking standardized practice policies nationwide

  • Legality of using cameras on citizens

  • Perspective of camera, doesn’t show entire scenario

  • Securing of video archives is varied and non-existent in some

  • Witnesses to crime can be retaliated against

  • Victims of sensitive scenarios are exposed (embarrassment, shame)

  • Disclosure of the use of these cameras

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References

Bureau of Justice Statistics. (November 16, 2018). Body-Worn cameras in law enforcement agencies, 2016. Retrieved from: http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=6426

Bureau of Justice Statistics. (November 16, 2018). Data tables. Retrieved from: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/sheets/bwclea16.zip

U.S. Department of Justice. (November, 2018). Body-Worn cameras in law enforcement agencies, 2016. (pp. 1-20). Retrieved from: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/bwclea16.pdf

U.S. Department of Justice. (January 31, 2018). Privacy policy. Retrieved from: https://www.justice.gov/doj/privacy-policy

U.S. Department of Justice – Office of Justice Programs. (n.d.) Freedom of information act. Retrieved from: https://ojp.gov/about/foia/foia.htm

U.S. Department of Justice. (December 13, 2018). Department of justice freedom of information act reference guide. Retrieved from: https://www.justice.gov/oip/department-justice-freedom- information-act-reference-guide

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Contents

  • Introduction

  • Description

  • Ethical Issues

  • Privacy Issues

  • Status

  • Summary

  • References

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